October 25, 2025 | 09:28 am
TEMPO.CO, Jakarta - Muhammadiyah has determined that the beginning of Ramadan, Muslim's fasting month, for 1447 Hijri will fall on February 18, 2026.
This decision is formalized in the Muhammadiyah Central Leadership (PP Muhammadiyah) Declaration Number 2/MLM/1.0/E/2025, dated September 22, 2025, which details the Hisab (astronomical calculation) for the beginning of Ramadan, Shawwal, and Dzulhijjah 1447 H.
Anwar Abbas, Chairperson of Muhammadiyah's SMEs, Community Empowerment, and Environmental Empowerment Division, confirmed the institution's decree. He stated that the determination of Ramadan's beginning is based on the meticulous hisab (calculation) conducted by the Muhammadiyah Tarjih and Tajdid Assembly.
"Certainly, this adheres to the principles, requirements, and parameters of the Global Unified Hijri Calendar (KHGT)," Anwar stated via a WhatsApp message on Friday, October 24, 2025.
Anwar also directed Tempo to contact Muhammad Sayuti, Secretary of PP Muhammadiyah, for a more detailed explanation of the methodology and mechanism used to determine the start of Ramadan 1447 H.
"He is more aware of the complete details," Anwar noted. However, a response from Muhammad Sayuti is pending confirmation.
The Muhammadiyah declaration explains that the date of February 18, 2026, is based on the following astronomical calculations:
Ijtima' (Conjunction): The ijtima' preceding Ramadan 1447 H will occur on February 17, 2026, at 12:01 UTC (Coordinated Universal Time). Ijtima' is the precise moment when the Earth, Moon, and Sun are aligned on the same celestial longitude, marking the boundary between the current month and the next.
Global Calendar Parameter (PKG 1) Examination: At the time of sunset on the day of ijtima', and before 24:00 UTC, no region on Earth met the requirements for PKG 1: a minimum moon altitude of 5 degrees and a minimum elongation of 8 degrees.
Global Calendar Parameter (PKG 2) Examination: The Hisab examination then proceeded to PKG 2. It was determined that after 24:00 UTC, a region on the American mainland, specifically at coordinates 56 degrees 48'49" North Latitude and 158 degrees 51'44" West Longitude, would meet the minimum requirements (moon altitude of 5 degrees and elongation of 8 degrees.
Global Unity Principle: Given that the ijtima' time is recorded before dawn in New Zealand (a time zone significantly ahead of the American mainland), and based on the principle of global unified beginning, the 1st of Ramadan 1447 Hijriah is set to be effective worldwide on February 18, 2026.
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